Lifestyle Tips for Managing Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a prevalent eye condition that damages the optic nerve and hinders communication between the eye and the brain. Capable of affecting individuals of all ages, the condition arises with an excess of aqueous humor, the fluid within the eye, which then exerts pressure on the front of the eye, impairing the optic nerve.

What Causes Glaucoma?

Under normal circumstances, the ocular fluid should flow out of the eye at the same rate. But when the pathway for fluid outflow malfunctions, the fluid accumulates, resulting in increased intraocular pressure. 

This fluid typically exits the eye through the angle, the point where the iris and cornea meet. If the angle, specifically the trabecular meshwork, fails to function correctly, the pressure within the eye builds up. This elevated pressure damages the optic nerve, giving rise to glaucoma. 

The correlation between nerve damage and high intraocular pressure remains a mystery. Glaucoma manifests in three primary types: 

• Open-angle

In open-angle glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork responsible for draining fluid from the eye becomes blocked. Although the drainage angle functions correctly, the fluid fails to flow out effectively. Intraocular pressure then builds up, gradually impacting the optic nerve. This type of glaucoma often progresses without noticeable symptoms until vision loss occurs.

• Angle-closure

Angle-closure glaucoma occurs when the iris swells outward, obstructing the drainage angle. This impedes the normal circulation of fluid, leading to increased intraocular pressure. Some individuals may have a narrower drainage angle, predisposing them to angle-closure glaucoma. Unlike open-angle glaucoma, this type can manifest suddenly or develop gradually.

• Normal-tension

Normal-tension glaucoma is characterized by optic nerve damage despite the ocular fluid pressure being within the normal range. The exact cause of this type remains unknown. Researchers suspect it may be linked to reduced blood supply to the optic nerve.

Risk Factors for the Condition

Certain factors increase the likelihood of glaucoma, although anyone can be affected. Here are some risk factors associated with glaucoma development:

• Family history of glaucoma

• Age over 60 (African Americans at risk from the age of 40)

• Elevated eye pressure

• Thin cornea

• High myopia (nearsightedness)

• History of eye injury or surgery

• Presence of heart disease or hypertension

• Diabetes

• Use of corticosteroid medications

How to Manage Glaucoma 

To effectively manage glaucoma, consider the following strategies:

Keep an Eye Out

If you possess any of the mentioned risk factors, ensure regular eye exams that include glaucoma screening. Early detection allows for timely treatment, better management, and prevention of significant damage.

Consult Your Doctor Regarding Steroid Medication

Prolonged or high-dose use of steroids can raise eye pressure, mainly if you are at risk of glaucoma. Discuss your medication with an ophthalmologist to determine its potential impact on your eye health.

Embrace a Healthy Lifestyle

Incorporate eye-healthy foods into your diet. They offer more excellent preventive benefits than relying solely on vitamins. Avoid activities that significantly elevate your heart rate when engaging in physical exercise—these can also increase eye pressure. 

Opt for regular workouts and brisk walks. If you weightlift, seek guidance from an instructor to ensure proper breathing techniques.

• Adhere to Medication

It is crucial to continue using prescribed medications as directed by your doctor. These medications help manage eye pressure and slow the progression of the condition.

For more on lifestyle tips for managing glaucoma, visit Lakhani Vision Care at our office in Marietta, Georgia. Call (770) 509-9932​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ to book an appointment today.